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NAVIGATION
Negara Brunei Darussalam
Brunei
INTRODUCTION
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Background:
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The Sultanate of Brunei's heyday occurred between the 15th and 17th centuries, when its control extended over coastal areas of northwest Borneo and the southern Philippines. Brunei subsequently entered a period of decline brought on by internal strife over royal succession, colonial expansion of European powers, and piracy. In 1888, Brunei became a British protectorate; independence was achieved in 1984. Brunei benefits from extensive petroleum and natural gas fields, the source of one of the highest per capita GDPs in the less developed countries. The same family has ruled Brunei for over six centuries. |
GEOGRAPHY
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Location:
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Southeastern Asia, bordering the South China Sea and Malaysia |
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Geographic coordinates:
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4 30 N, 114 40 E |
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Map references:
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Southeast Asia |
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Area:
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total: 5,770 sq km
water: 500 sq km land: 5,270 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Delaware |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 381 km
border countries: Malaysia 381 km |
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Coastline:
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161 km |
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Maritime claims:
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exclusive economic zone: 200 NM or to median line
territorial sea: 12 NM |
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Climate:
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tropical; hot, humid, rainy |
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Terrain:
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flat coastal plain rises to mountains in east; hilly lowland in west |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: South China Sea 0 m
highest point: Bukit Pagon 1,850 m |
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Natural resources:
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petroleum, natural gas, timber |
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Land use:
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arable land: 0.57%
permanent crops: 0.76% other: 98.67% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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10 sq km (1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards:
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typhoons, earthquakes, and severe flooding are very rare |
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Environment - current issues:
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seasonal smoke/haze resulting from forest fires in Indonesia |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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Geography - note:
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close to vital sea lanes through South China Sea linking Indian and Pacific Oceans; two parts physically separated by Malaysia; almost an enclave of Malaysia |
PEOPLE
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Population:
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350,898 (July 2002 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 30.2% (male 54,038; female 51,833)
15-64 years: 67% (male 125,051; female 110,257) 65 years and over: 2.8% (male 4,609; female 5,110) (2002 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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2.06% (2002 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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20.06 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Death rate:
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3.38 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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3.91 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.06 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.13 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.9 male(s)/female total population: 1.1 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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13.95 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 74.06 years
female: 76.56 years (2002 est.) male: 71.68 years |
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Total fertility rate:
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2.4 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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0.2% (1999 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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less than 100 (1999 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun: Bruneian(s)
adjective: Bruneian |
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Ethnic groups:
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Malay 67%, Chinese 15%, indigenous 6%, other 12% |
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Religions:
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Muslim (official) 67%, Buddhist 13%, Christian 10%, indigenous beliefs and other 10% |
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Languages:
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Malay (official), English, Chinese |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 88.2% male: 92.6% female: 83.4% (1995 est.) |