NAVIGATION
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NAVIGATION
Union of Burma
Union of Myanma
Myanma Naingngandaw
former: Socialist Republic of the Union of Burma
COMMUNICATIONS
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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250,000 (2000) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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8,492 (1997) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: meets minimum requirements for local and intercity service for business and government; international service is good
domestic: NA international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 2, FM 3, shortwave 3 (1998) |
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Radios:
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4.2 million (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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2 (1998) |
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Televisions:
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320,000 (2000) |
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Internet country code:
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.mm |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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1
note: as of September 2000, Internet connections were legal only for the government, tourist offices, and a few large businesses (2000) |
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Internet users:
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10,000 (2002) |
TRANSPORTATION
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Railways:
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total: 3,991 km
narrow gauge: 3,991 km 1.000-m gauge (2000 est.) |
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Highways:
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total: 28,200 km
paved: 3,440 km unpaved: 24,760 km (1996) |
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Waterways:
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12,800 km
note: 3,200 km navigable by large commercial vessels |
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Pipelines:
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crude oil 1,343 km; natural gas 330 km |
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Ports and harbors:
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Bassein, Bhamo, Chauk, Mandalay, Moulmein, Myitkyina, Rangoon, Akyab (Sittwe), Tavoy |
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Merchant marine:
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total: 35 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 382,386 GRT/582,084 DWT
note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 5, Japan 4 (2002 est.) ships by type: bulk 9, cargo 21, container 1, passenger/cargo 3, petroleum tanker 1 |
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Airports:
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80 (2001) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 8
over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 4 |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 72
under 914 m: 34 (2002) over 3,047 m: 2 1,524 to 2,437 m: 16 914 to 1,523 m: 20 |
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Heliports:
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1 (2002) |
MILITARY
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Military branches:
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Army, Navy, Air Force |
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Military manpower - military age:
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18 years of age (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - availability:
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males age 15-49: 12,211,144
note: both sexes liable for military service (2002 est.) females age 15-49: 12,223,069 |
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Military manpower - fit for military service:
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males age 15-49: 6,502,013
females age 15-49: 6,491,732 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
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males: 486,432
females: 470,667 (2002 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$39 million (FY97/98) |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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2.1% (FY97/98) |
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
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Disputes - international:
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despite renewed border committee talks, significant differences remain with Thailand over boundary alignment and the handling of ethnic guerrilla rebels, refugees, smuggling, and drug trafficking in cross-border region; Burmese attempts to construct a dam on border stream with Bangladesh in 2001 prompted an armed response halting construction; Burmese Muslim migration into Bangladesh strains Bangladesh's meager resources |
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Illicit drugs:
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world's second largest producer of illicit opium (potential production in 2002 - 630 metric tons, down 27% due to drought and, to a lesser extent, eradication; cultivation in 2002 - 77,000 hectares, a 27% decline from 2001); surrender of drug warlord KHUN SA's Mong Tai Army in January 1996 was hailed by Rangoon as a major counternarcotics success, but lack of government will and ability to take on major narcotrafficking groups and lack of serious commitment against money laundering continues to hinder the overall antidrug effort; major source of methamphetamine and heroin for regional consumption |