NAVIGATION
|
HOME
• FLAG FINDER
• MAP FINDER
• SOURCES
• ADD YOURSELF TO THE ATLAS! COUNTRIES A-D • COUNTRIES E-K • COUNTRIES L-R • COUNTRIES S-Z |
NAVIGATION
Republic of Lithuania
Lietuvos Respublika
former: Lithuanian Soviet Socialist Republic
INTRODUCTION
|
Background:
|
Independent between the two World Wars, Lithuania was annexed by the USSR in 1940. On 11 March 1990, Lithuania became the first of the Soviet republics to declare its independence, but this proclamation was not generally recognized until September of 1991 (following the abortive coup in Moscow). The last Russian troops withdrew in 1993. Lithuania subsequently has restructured its economy for eventual integration into Western European institutions. |
GEOGRAPHY
|
Location:
|
Eastern Europe, bordering the Baltic Sea, between Latvia and Russia |
|
Geographic coordinates:
|
56 00 N, 24 00 E |
|
Map references:
|
Europe |
|
Area:
|
total: 65,200 sq km
water: NA sq km land: NA sq km |
|
Area - comparative:
|
slightly larger than West Virginia |
|
Land boundaries:
|
total: 1,273 km
border countries: Belarus 502 km, Latvia 453 km, Poland 91 km, Russia (Kaliningrad) 227 km |
|
Coastline:
|
99 km |
|
Maritime claims:
|
territorial sea: 12 NM |
|
Climate:
|
transitional, between maritime and continental; wet, moderate winters and summers |
|
Terrain:
|
lowland, many scattered small lakes, fertile soil |
|
Elevation extremes:
|
lowest point: Baltic Sea 0 m
highest point: Juozapines/Kalnas 292 m |
|
Natural resources:
|
peat, arable land |
|
Land use:
|
arable land: 45.46%
permanent crops: 0.93% other: 53.61% (1998 est.) |
|
Irrigated land:
|
90 sq km (1998 est.) |
|
Natural hazards:
|
NA |
|
Environment - current issues:
|
contamination of soil and groundwater with petroleum products and chemicals at military bases |
|
Environment - international agreements:
|
party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Air Pollution-Persistent Organic Pollutants, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
|
Geography - note:
|
fertile central plains are separated by hilly uplands that are ancient glacial deposits |
PEOPLE
|
Population:
|
3,601,138 (July 2002 est.) |
|
Age structure:
|
0-14 years: 18.2% (male 333,966; female 319,992)
15-64 years: 68% (male 1,184,969; female 1,265,711) 65 years and over: 13.8% (male 167,789; female 328,711) (2002 est.) |
|
Population growth rate:
|
-0.25% (2002 est.) |
|
Birth rate:
|
10.22 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
|
Death rate:
|
12.87 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
|
Net migration rate:
|
0.15 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
|
Sex ratio:
|
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.04 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.94 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.51 male(s)/female total population: 0.88 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
|
Infant mortality rate:
|
14.34 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
|
Life expectancy at birth:
|
total population: 69.42 years
female: 75.6 years (2002 est.) male: 63.54 years |
|
Total fertility rate:
|
1.4 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
|
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
|
0.02% (1999 est.) |
|
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
|
less than 500 (1999 est.) |
|
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
|
less than 100 (1999 est.) |
|
Nationality:
|
noun: Lithuanian(s)
adjective: Lithuanian |
|
Ethnic groups:
|
Lithuanian 80.6%, Russian 8.7%, Polish 7%, Belarusian 1.6%, other 2.1% |
|
Religions:
|
Roman Catholic (primarily), Lutheran, Russian Orthodox, Protestant, Evangelical Christian Baptist, Muslim, Jewish |
|
Languages:
|
Lithuanian (official), Polish, Russian |
|
Literacy:
|
definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 98% male: 99% female: 98% (1989 est.) |