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NAVIGATION
Romania
COMMUNICATIONS
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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3.777 million (1997) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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645,500 (1999) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: poor domestic service, but improving
domestic: 90% of telephone network is automatic; trunk network is mostly microwave radio relay, with some fiber-optic cable; about one-third of exchange capacity is digital; roughly 3,300 villages have no service international: satellite earth station - 1 Intelsat; new digital, international, direct-dial exchanges operate in Bucharest; note - Romania is an active participant in several international telecommunication network projects (1999) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 40, FM 202, shortwave 3 (1998) |
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Radios:
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7.2 million (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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48 (plus 392 repeaters) (1995) |
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Televisions:
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5.25 million (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.ro |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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38 (2000) |
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Internet users:
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1 million (2002) |
TRANSPORTATION
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Railways:
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total: 11,385 km (3,888 km electrified)
standard gauge: 10,898 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 427 km 0.760-m gauge (2001) broad gage: 60 km 1.524-m gauge |
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Highways:
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total: 153,359 km
paved: 103,671 km (including 133 km of expressways) unpaved: 49,688 km (1998 est.) |
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Waterways:
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1,724 km (1984) |
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Pipelines:
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crude oil 2,800 km; petroleum products 1,429 km; natural gas 6,400 km (1992) |
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Ports and harbors:
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Braila, Constanta, Galati, Mangalia, Sulina, Tulcea |
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Merchant marine:
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total: 70 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 561,470 GRT/754,836 DWT
note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Greece 1, Italy 5 (2002 est.) ships by type: bulk 11, cargo 47, passenger 1, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 4, railcar carrier 2, roll on/roll off 4 |
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Airports:
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61 (2001) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 25
over 3,047 m: 4 2,438 to 3,047 m: 9 1,524 to 2,437 m: 12 (2002) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 37
under 914 m: 23 (2002) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 12 |
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Heliports:
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1 (2002) |
MILITARY
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Military branches:
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Army, Navy, Air and Air Defense Forces (AMR), Paramilitary Forces, Civil Defense, Border Guards |
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Military manpower - military age:
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20 years of age (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - availability:
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males age 15-49: 5,906,601 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - fit for military service:
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males age 15-49: 4,970,496 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
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males: 179,951 (2002 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$985 million (2002) |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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2.47% (2002) |
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
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Disputes - international:
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Romania and Ukraine have yet to resolve claims over Ukrainian-administered Zmiyinyy (Snake) Island and delimitation of Black Sea maritime boundary, despite 1997 bilateral treaty to find a solution in two years and numerous talks; because of a shift in the Danube course since the last correction of the boundary in 1920, a joint Bulgarian-Romanian team will recommend sovereignty changes to several islands and redefine the boundary |
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Illicit drugs:
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major transshipment point for Southwest Asian heroin transiting the Balkan route and small amounts of Latin American cocaine bound for Western Europe |