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NAVIGATION
Republic of the Sudan
Jumhuriyat as-Sudan
former: Anglo-Egyptian Sudan
COMMUNICATIONS
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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400,000 (2000) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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20,000 (2000) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: large, well-equipped system by regional standards and being upgraded; cellular communications started in 1996 and have expanded substantially
domestic: consists of microwave radio relay, cable, radiotelephone communications, tropospheric scatter, and a domestic satellite system with 14 earth stations international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Atlantic Ocean) and 1 Arabsat (2000) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 12, FM 1, shortwave 1 (1998) |
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Radios:
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7.55 million (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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3 (1997) |
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Televisions:
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2.38 million (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.sd |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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2 (2002) |
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Internet users:
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56,000 (2002) |
TRANSPORTATION
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Railways:
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total: 5,978 km
narrow gauge: 4,578 km 1.067-m gauge; 1,400 km 0.600-m gauge plantation line (2002) |
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Highways:
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total: 11,900 km
paved: 4,320 km unpaved: 7,580 km (1996) |
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Waterways:
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5,310 km |
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Pipelines:
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refined products 815 km |
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Ports and harbors:
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Juba, Khartoum, Kusti, Malakal, Nimule, Port Sudan, Sawakin |
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Merchant marine:
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total: 4 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 29,854 GRT/39,084 DWT
ships by type: cargo 1, livestock carrier 1, roll on/roll off 2 (2002 est.) |
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Airports:
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63 (2002) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 12
over 3,047 m: 1 2,438 to 3,047 m: 8 1,524 to 2,437 m: 3 (2002) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 51
under 914 m: 10 (2002) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 17 914 to 1,523 m: 24 |
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Heliports:
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2 (2002) |
MILITARY
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Military branches:
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Army, Navy, Air Force, Popular Defense Force Militia |
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Military manpower - military age:
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18 years of age (2003 est.) |
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Military manpower - availability:
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males age 15-49: 9,032,834 (2003 est.) |
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Military manpower - fit for military service:
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males age 15-49: 5,558,462 (2003 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
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males: 429,334 (2003 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$581 million (2001 est.) |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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2.5% (1999) |
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
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Disputes - international:
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the north-south civil war has drawn Sudan's neighbors into the fighting, sheltering refugees, and infiltration by rebel groups - Kenya and Uganda have acted as mediators; Sudan accuses Eritrea of supporting Sudanese rebel groups; efforts to demarcate the porous boundary with Ethiopia have been delayed by fighting in Sudan; Kenya's administrative boundary still extends into the Sudan, creating the "Ilemi triangle"; Egypt and Sudan retain claims to administer the triangular areas that extend north and south of the 1899 Treaty boundary along the 22nd Parallel, but have withdrawn their military presence; Egypt is economically developing the "Hala'ib triangle" |