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Syrian Arab Republic

Al Jumhuriyah al Arabiyah as Suriyah

former: United Arab Republic (with Egypt)


 
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© 1996-2006
Bob Starkgraf

COMMUNICATIONS

Telephones - main lines in use:
1.313 million (1997)
Telephones - mobile cellular:
NA
Telephone system:
general assessment: fair system currently undergoing significant improvement and digital upgrades, including fiber-optic technology
domestic: coaxial cable and microwave radio relay network
international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region); 1 submarine cable; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey; participant in Medarabtel
Radio broadcast stations:
AM 14, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998)
Radios:
4.15 million (1997)
Television broadcast stations:
44 (plus 17 repeaters) (1995)
Televisions:
1.05 million (1997)
Internet country code:
.sy
Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
1 (2000)
Internet users:
60,000 (2002)
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TRANSPORTATION

Railways:
total: 2,743 km
standard gauge: 2,425 km 1.435-m gauge
narrow gauge: 318 km 1.050-m gauge (2002)
Highways:
total: 41,451 km
paved: 9,575 km (including 877 km of expressways)
unpaved: 31,876 km (1997)
Waterways:
870 km (minimal economic importance)
Pipelines:
crude oil 1,304 km; petroleum products 515 km
Ports and harbors:
Baniyas, Jablah, Latakia, Tartus
Merchant marine:
total: 129 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 450,135 GRT/645,296 DWT
note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Egypt 1, Greece 2, Italy 1, Lebanon 10 (2002 est.)
ships by type: bulk 13, cargo 109, container 2, livestock carrier 3, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 1
Airports:
92 (2002)
Airports - with paved runways:
total: 24
over 3,047 m: 5
2,438 to 3,047 m: 16
under 914 m: 1 (2002)
914 to 1,523 m: 2
Airports - with unpaved runways:
total: 68
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2
914 to 1,523 m: 11
under 914 m: 55 (2002)
Heliports:
7 (2002)
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MILITARY

Military branches:
Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Arab Navy, Syrian Arab Air Force (includes Air Defense Forces), Police and Security Force
Military manpower - military age:
19 years of age (2003 est.)
Military manpower - availability:
males age 15-49: 4,715,386 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - fit for military service:
males age 15-49: 2,629,148 (2003 est.)
Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
males: 210,941 (2003 est.)
Military expenditures - dollar figure:
$858 million (FY00 est.); note - based on official budget data that may understate actual spending
Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
5.9% (FY00)
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TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES

Disputes - international:
Golan Heights is Israeli-occupied; Lebanon claims Shaba'a farms in Golan Heights; Syrian troops have been stationed in Lebanon since October 1976; Syria protests Turkish hydrological projects regulating upper Euphrates waters; Turkey is quick to rebuff any perceived Syrian claim to Hatay province
Illicit drugs:
a transit point for opiates and hashish bound for regional and Western markets
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