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NAVIGATION
Togolese Republic
Republique Togolaise
former: French Togoland
GOVERNMENT
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Togolese Republic
conventional short form: Togo local short form: none former: French Togoland local long form: Republique Togolaise |
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Government type:
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republic under transition to multiparty democratic rule |
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Capital:
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Lome |
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Administrative divisions:
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5 regions (regions, singular - region); De La Kara, Des Plateaux, Des Savanes, Centrale, Maritime |
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Independence:
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27 April 1960 (from French-administered UN trusteeship) |
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National holiday:
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Independence Day, 27 April (1960) |
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Constitution:
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multiparty draft constitution approved by High Council of the Republic 1 July 1992; adopted by public referendum 27 September 1992 |
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Legal system:
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French-based court system |
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Suffrage:
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NA years of age; universal adult |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: President Gen. Gnassingbe EYADEMA (since 14 April 1967)
head of government: Prime Minister Koffi SAMA (since 29 June 2002) cabinet: Council of Ministers appointed by the president and the prime minister elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 1 June 2003 (next to be held NA June 2008); prime minister appointed by the president election results: Gnassingbe EYADEMA reelected president; percent of vote - Gnassingbe EYADEMA 57.8%, Emmanuel Akitani BOB 33.7%, Yawovi AGBOYIBO 5.1%, Maurice Dahuku PERE 2.2%, Edem KODJO 1.0% |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral National Assembly (81 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 27 October 2002 (next NA 2007) note: two opposition parties boycotted the election, the Union of the Forces for Change, and the Action Committee for Renewal election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party - RPT 72, RSD 3, UDPS 2, Juvento 2, MOCEP 1, independents 1 |
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Judicial branch:
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Court of Appeal or Cour d'Appel; Supreme Court or Cour Supreme |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Juvento [Monsilia DJATO]; Movement of the Believers of Peace and Equality or MOCEP [leader NA]; Rally for the Support for Development and Democracy or RSDD [Hanay OLYMPIO]; Rally of the Togolese People or RPT [President Gnassingbe EYADEMA]; Union for Democracy and Social Progress or UDPS [Gagou KOKOU]
note: Rally of the Togolese People or RPT, led by President EYADEMA, was the only party until the formation of multiple parties was legalized 12 April 1991 |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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ACCT, ACP, AfDB, ECA, ECOWAS, Entente, FAO, FZ, G-77, IBRD, ICAO, ICC, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, ITU, MIPONUH, NAM, OAU, OIC, OPCW, UN, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WADB (regional), WAEMU, WCL, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Akoussoulelou BODJONA
FAX: [1] (202) 232-3190 telephone: [1] (202) 234-4212 chancery: 2208 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Karl HOFMANN
embassy: Angle Rue Kouenou and Rue 15 Beniglato, Lome mailing address: B. P. 852, Lome telephone: [228] 221 29 91 through 221 29 94 FAX: [228] 221 79 52 |
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Flag description:
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five equal horizontal bands of green (top and bottom) alternating with yellow; there is a white five-pointed star on a red square in the upper hoist-side corner; uses the popular pan-African colors of Ethiopia |
ECONOMY
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Economy - overview:
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This small sub-Saharan economy is heavily dependent on both commercial and subsistence agriculture, which provides employment for 65% of the labor force. Some basic foodstuffs must still be imported. Cocoa, coffee, and cotton generate about 40% of export earnings, with cotton being the most important cash crop. Togo is the world's fourth-largest producer of phosphate, but production fell an estimated 22% in 2002 due to power shortages and the cost of developing new deposits. The government's decade-long effort, supported by the World Bank and the IMF, to implement economic reform measures, encourage foreign investment, and bring revenues in line with expenditures has moved slowly. Progress depends on following through on privatization, increased openness in government financial operations, progress toward legislative elections, and continued support from foreign donors. |
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $8 billion (2002 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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3% (2002 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $1,500 (2002 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 42%
industry: 21% services: 37% (2001 est.) |
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Population below poverty line:
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32% (1989 est.) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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4% (2002 est.) |
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Labor force:
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1.74 million (1996) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 65%, industry 5%, services 30% (1998 est.) |
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Unemployment rate:
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NA% |
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Budget:
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revenues: $232 million
expenditures: $252 million, including capital expenditures of $NA (1997 est.) |
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Industries:
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phosphate mining, agricultural processing, cement; handicrafts, textiles, beverages |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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NA% |
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Electricity - production:
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101.6 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 98.7%
hydro: 1.3% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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614.5 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - imports:
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520 million kWh; note - electricity supplied by Ghana (2001) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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10,000 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - exports:
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NA (2001) |
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Oil - imports:
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NA (2001) |
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Agriculture - products:
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coffee, cocoa, cotton, yams, cassava (tapioca), corn, beans, rice, millet, sorghum; livestock; fish |
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Exports:
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$449 million f.o.b. (2002) |
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Exports - commodities:
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reexports, cotton, phosphates, coffee, cocoa |
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Exports - partners:
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Benin 13%, Nigeria 9%, Ghana 5%, Colombia 4%, Belgium (2001) |
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Imports:
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$561 million f.o.b. (2002) |
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Imports - commodities:
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machinery and equipment, foodstuffs, petroleum products |
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Imports - partners:
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Ghana 35%, France 10%, China 8%, Cote d'Ivoire 8% (2001) |
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Debt - external:
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$1.4 billion (2000) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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ODA $80 million (2000 est.) |
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Currency:
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Communaute Financiere Africaine franc (XOF); note - responsible authority is the Central Bank of the West African States |
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Currency code:
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XOF |
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Exchange rates:
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Communaute Financiere Africaine francs (XOF) per US dollar - 696.988 (2002), 733.039 (2001), 711.976 (2000), 615.699 (1999), 589.952 (1998) |
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year |