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NAVIGATION
Republic of Uganda
INTRODUCTION
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Background:
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Uganda achieved independence from the UK in 1962. The dictatorial regime of Idi AMIN (1971-79) was responsible for the deaths of some 300,000 opponents; guerrilla war and human rights abuses under Milton OBOTE (1980-85) claimed at least another 100,000 lives. During the 1990s, the government promulgated non-party presidential and legislative elections. |
GEOGRAPHY
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Location:
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Eastern Africa, west of Kenya |
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Geographic coordinates:
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1 00 N, 32 00 E |
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Map references:
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Africa |
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Area:
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total: 236,040 sq km
water: 36,330 sq km land: 199,710 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Oregon |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 2,698 km
border countries: Democratic Republic of the Congo 765 km, Kenya 933 km, Rwanda 169 km, Sudan 435 km, Tanzania 396 km |
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Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
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Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
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Climate:
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tropical; generally rainy with two dry seasons (December to February, June to August); semiarid in northeast |
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Terrain:
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mostly plateau with rim of mountains |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Lake Albert 621 m
highest point: Margherita Peak on Mount Stanley 5,110 m |
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Natural resources:
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copper, cobalt, hydropower, limestone, salt, arable land |
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Land use:
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arable land: 25.34%
permanent crops: 8.77% other: 65.89% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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90 sq km (1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards:
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NA |
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Environment - current issues:
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draining of wetlands for agricultural use; deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; water hyacinth infestation in Lake Victoria; poaching is widespread |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: Environmental Modification |
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Geography - note:
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landlocked; fertile, well-watered country with many lakes and rivers |
PEOPLE
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Population:
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25,632,794
note: estimates for this country explicitly take into account the effects of excess mortality due to AIDS; this can result in lower life expectancy, higher infant mortality and death rates, lower population and growth rates, and changes in the distribution of population by age and sex than would otherwise be expected (July 2003 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 50.8% (male 6,528,724; female 6,486,736)
15-64 years: 46.8% (male 5,985,911; female 6,024,798) 65 years and over: 2.4% (male 266,930; female 339,695) (2003 est.) |
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Median age:
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total: 14.7 years
female: 14.8 years (2002) male: 14.6 years |
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Population growth rate:
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2.96% (2003 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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46.57 births/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Death rate:
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16.95 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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0 migrant(s)/1,000 population
note: according to the UNHCR, by the end of 2001, Uganda was host to 178,815 refugees from a number of neighboring countries, including: Sudan 155,996, Rwanda 14,375, and Democratic Republic of the Congo 7,459 (2003 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.99 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 0.99 male(s)/female (2003 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 87.9 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 80.17 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.) male: 95.41 deaths/1,000 live births |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 44.88 years
male: 43.42 years female: 46.38 years (2003 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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6.72 children born/woman (2003 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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5% (2001 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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600,000 (2001 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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84,000 (2001 est.) |
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Nationality:
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noun: Ugandan(s)
adjective: Ugandan |
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Ethnic groups:
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Baganda 17%, Ankole 8%, Basoga 8%, Iteso 8%, Bakiga 7%, Langi 6%, Rwanda 6%, Bagisu 5%, Acholi 4%, Lugbara 4%, Batoro 3%, Bunyoro 3%, Alur 2%, Bagwere 2%, Bakonjo 2%, Jopodhola 2%, Karamojong 2%, Rundi 2%, non-African (European, Asian, Arab) 1%, other 8% |
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic 33%, Protestant 33%, Muslim 16%, indigenous beliefs 18% |
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Languages:
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English (official national language, taught in grade schools, used in courts of law and by most newspapers and some radio broadcasts), Ganda or Luganda (most widely used of the Niger-Congo languages, preferred for native language publications in the capital and may be taught in school), other Niger-Congo languages, Nilo-Saharan languages, Swahili, Arabic |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 69.9% male: 79.5% female: 60.4% (2003 est.) |