NAVIGATION
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NAVIGATION
Principality of Monaco
Principaute de Monaco
INTRODUCTION
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Background:
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Economic development was spurred in the late 19th century with a railroad linkup to France and the opening of a casino. Since then, the principality's mild climate, splendid scenery, and gambling facilities have made Monaco world famous as a tourist and recreation center. |
GEOGRAPHY
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Location:
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Western Europe, bordering the Mediterranean Sea on the southern coast of France, near the border with Italy |
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Geographic coordinates:
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43 44 N, 7 24 E |
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Map references:
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Europe |
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Area:
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total: 1.95 sq km
water: 0 sq km land: 1.95 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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about three times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 4.4 km
border countries: France 4.4 km |
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Coastline:
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4.1 km |
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Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 12 NM |
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Climate:
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Mediterranean with mild, wet winters and hot, dry summers |
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Terrain:
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hilly, rugged, rocky |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Mont Agel 140 m |
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Natural resources:
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none |
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Land use:
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arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (urban area) (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km |
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Natural hazards:
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NA |
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Environment - current issues:
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NA |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Air Pollution-Volatile Organic Compounds, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlands, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol |
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Geography - note:
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second smallest independent state in the world (after Holy See); almost entirely urban |
PEOPLE
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Population:
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31,987 (July 2002 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 15.5% (male 2,545; female 2,418)
15-64 years: 62.1% (male 9,762; female 10,093) 65 years and over: 22.4% (male 2,922; female 4,247) (2002 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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0.45% (2002 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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9.6 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Death rate:
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12.91 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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7.82 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 0.97 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.69 male(s)/female total population: 0.91 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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5.73 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 79.12 years
female: 83.25 years (2002 est.) male: 75.21 years |
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Total fertility rate:
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1.76 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA% |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun: Monegasque(s) or Monacan(s)
adjective: Monegasque or Monacan |
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Ethnic groups:
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French 47%, Monegasque 16%, Italian 16%, other 21% |
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic 90% |
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Languages:
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French (official), English, Italian, Monegasque |
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Literacy:
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definition: NA
total population: 99% male: NA% female: NA% |