NAVIGATION
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NAVIGATION
Gibraltar
INTRODUCTION
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Background:
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Strategically important, Gibraltar was ceded to Great Britain by Spain in the 1713 Treaty of Utrecht; the British garrison was formally declared a colony in 1830. In referendums held in 1967 and 2002, Gibraltarians ignored Spanish pressure and voted overwhelmingly to remain a British dependency. |
GEOGRAPHY
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Location:
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Southwestern Europe, bordering the Strait of Gibraltar, which links the Mediterranean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, on the southern coast of Spain |
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Geographic coordinates:
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36 8 N, 5 21 W |
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Map references:
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Europe |
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Area:
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total: 6.5 sq km
water: 0 sq km land: 6.5 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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about 11 times the size of The Mall in Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 1.2 km
border countries: Spain 1.2 km |
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Coastline:
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12 km |
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Maritime claims:
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territorial sea: 3 NM |
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Climate:
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Mediterranean with mild winters and warm summers |
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Terrain:
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a narrow coastal lowland borders the Rock of Gibraltar |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Mediterranean Sea 0 m
highest point: Rock of Gibraltar 426 m |
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Natural resources:
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NEGL |
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Land use:
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arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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NA sq km |
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Natural hazards:
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NA |
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Environment - current issues:
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limited natural freshwater resources: large concrete or natural rock water catchments collect rainwater (no longer used for drinking water) and adequate desalination plant |
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Geography - note:
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strategic location on Strait of Gibraltar that links the North Atlantic Ocean and Mediterranean Sea |
PEOPLE
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Population:
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27,714 (July 2002 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 18.5% (male 2,633; female 2,509)
15-64 years: 66.3% (male 9,456; female 8,907) 65 years and over: 15.2% (male 1,803; female 2,406) (2002 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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0.23% (2002 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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11.19 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Death rate:
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8.88 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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NEGL migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.05 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.06 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.75 male(s)/female total population: 1.01 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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5.4 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 79.23 years
female: 82.25 years (2002 est.) male: 76.37 years |
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Total fertility rate:
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1.65 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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NA% |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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NA |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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NA |
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Nationality:
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noun: Gibraltarian(s)
adjective: Gibraltar |
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Ethnic groups:
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Spanish, Italian, English, Maltese, Portuguese |
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic 76.9%, Church of England 6.9%, Muslim 6.9%, Jewish 2.3%, none or other 7% (1991) |
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Languages:
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English (used in schools and for official purposes), Spanish, Italian, Portuguese |
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Literacy:
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definition: NA
total population: above 80% male: NA% female: NA% |