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NAVIGATION
Commonwealth of Australia
COMMUNICATIONS
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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10.05 million (2000) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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8.6 million (2000) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: excellent domestic and international service
domestic: domestic satellite system; much use of radiotelephone in areas of low population density; rapid growth of mobile cellular telephones international: submarine cables to New Zealand, Papua New Guinea, and Indonesia; satellite earth stations - 10 Intelsat (4 Indian Ocean and 6 Pacific Ocean), 2 Inmarsat (Indian and Pacific Ocean regions) (1998) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 262, FM 345, shortwave 1 (1998) |
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Radios:
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25.5 million (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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104 (1997) |
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Televisions:
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10.15 million (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.au |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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571 (2002) |
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Internet users:
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10.63 million (2002) |
TRANSPORTATION
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Railways:
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total: 33,819 km (2,540 km electrified)
broad gauge: 3,719 km 1.600-m gauge narrow gauge: 14,506 km 1.067-m gauge standard gauge: 15,422 km 1.435-m gauge dual gauge: 172 km NA gauges (1999 est.) |
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Highways:
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total: 913,000 km
paved: 353,331 km (including 1,363 km of expressways) unpaved: 559,669 km (1996) |
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Waterways:
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8,368 km (mainly used by small, shallow-draft craft) |
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Pipelines:
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crude oil 2,500 km; petroleum products 500 km; natural gas 5,600 km |
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Ports and harbors:
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Adelaide, Brisbane, Cairns, Darwin, Devonport (Tasmania), Fremantle, Geelong, Hobart (Tasmania), Launceston (Tasmania), Mackay, Melbourne, Sydney, Townsville |
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Merchant marine:
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total: 55 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,469,362 GRT/1,869,262 DWT
ships by type: bulk 26, cargo 5, chemical tanker 4, container 1, liquefied gas 4, passenger 2, petroleum tanker 7, roll on/roll off 6, includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: France 2, United Kingdom 2, United States 14 (2002 est.) |
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Airports:
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421 (2001) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 294
over 3,047 m: 10 2,438 to 3,047 m: 11 1,524 to 2,437 m: 126 914 to 1,523 m: 134 under 914 m: 13 (2002) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 150
1,524 to 2,437 m: 20 914 to 1,523 m: 116 under 914 m: 14 (2002) |
MILITARY
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Military branches:
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Royal Australian Army, Royal Australian Navy, Royal Australian Air Force |
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Military manpower - military age:
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17 years of age (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - availability:
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males age 15-49: 5,013,406 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - fit for military service:
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males age 15-49: 4,321,387 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
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males: 142,686 (2002 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$9.3 billion (FY01/02 est.) |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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2% (FY01/02) |
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
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Disputes - international:
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Australia-East Timor-Indonesia are working to resolve maritime boundary and sharing of seabed resources in "Timor Gap"; Australia asserts a territorial claim to Antarctica and to its continental shelf |
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Illicit drugs:
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Tasmania is one of the world's major suppliers of licit opiate products; government maintains strict controls over areas of opium poppy cultivation and output of poppy straw concentrate |