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NAVIGATION
Canada
COMMUNICATIONS
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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20,802,900 (1999) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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8,751,300 (1997) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: excellent service provided by modern technology
domestic: domestic satellite system with about 300 earth stations international: 5 coaxial submarine cables; satellite earth stations - 5 Intelsat (4 Atlantic Ocean and 1 Pacific Ocean) and 2 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 535, FM 53, shortwave 6 (1998) |
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Radios:
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32.3 million (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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80 (plus many repeaters) (1997) |
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Televisions:
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21.5 million (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.ca |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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760 (2000 est.) |
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Internet users:
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16.84 million (2002) |
TRANSPORTATION
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Railways:
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total: 36,114 km
standard gauge: 36,114 km 1.435-m gauge (156 km electrified) note: Canada has two major transcontinental freight railway systems: Canadian National (privatized November 1995) and Canadian Pacific Railway; passenger service is provided by the government-operated firm VIA, which has no trackage of its own (2000 est.) |
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Highways:
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total: 901,902 km
paved: 318,371 km (including 16,571 km of expressways) unpaved: 583,531 km (1999) |
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Waterways:
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3,000 km (including Saint Lawrence Seaway) |
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Pipelines:
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crude and refined oil 23,564 km; natural gas 74,980 km |
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Ports and harbors:
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Becancour (Quebec), Churchill, Halifax, Hamilton, Montreal, New Westminster, Prince Rupert, Quebec, Saint John (New Brunswick), St. John's (Newfoundland), Sept Isles, Sydney, Trois-Rivieres, Thunder Bay, Toronto, Vancouver, Windsor |
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Merchant marine:
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total: 122 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 1,797,240 GRT/2,680,223 DWT
ships by type: barge carrier 1, bulk 66, cargo 13, chemical tanker 5, combination bulk 2, passenger 2, passenger/cargo 1, petroleum tanker 18, railcar carrier 2, roll on/roll off 8, short-sea passenger 3, specialized tanker 1 note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Germany 3, Monaco 16, United Kingdom 1, United States 1 (2002 est.) |
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Airports:
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1,419 (2001) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 507
over 3,047 m: 18 2,438 to 3,047 m: 15 914 to 1,523 m: 245 under 914 m: 80 (2002) 1,524 to 2,437 m: 149 |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 882
1,524 to 2,437 m: 73 914 to 1,523 m: 363 under 914 m: 446 (2002) |
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Heliports:
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12 (2002) |
MILITARY
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Military branches:
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Canadian Armed Forces (comprising Land Forces Command, Maritime Command, Air Command, Communications Command, Training Command) |
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Military manpower - military age:
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17 years of age (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - availability:
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males age 15-49: 8,361,475 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - fit for military service:
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males age 15-49: 7,139,068 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
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males: 217,516 (2002 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$7,860.5 million (FY01/02) |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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1.1% (FY01/02) |
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
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Disputes - international:
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maritime boundary disputes with the US (Dixon Entrance, Beaufort Sea, Strait of Juan de Fuca, Machias Seal Island) |
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Illicit drugs:
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illicit producer of cannabis for the domestic drug market; use of hydroponics technology permits growers to plant large quantities of high-quality marijuana indoors; transit point for heroin and cocaine entering the US market; vulnerable to narcotics money laundering because of its mature financial services sector |