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NAVIGATION
Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopia
Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripeblik
COMMUNICATIONS
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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231,900 (2000) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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17,800 (2000) |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: open wire and microwave radio relay system; adequate for government use
domestic: open wire; microwave radio relay; radio communication in the HF, VHF, and UHF frequencies; two domestic satellites provide the national trunk service international: open wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean) |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 8, FM 0, shortwave 1 (2001) |
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Radios:
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15.2 million (2002) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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1 plus 24 repeaters (2002) |
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Televisions:
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682,000 (2002) |
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Internet country code:
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.et |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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1 (2002) |
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Internet users:
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20,000 (2002) |
TRANSPORTATION
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Railways:
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total: 681 km (Ethiopian segment of the Addis Ababa-Djibouti railroad)
narrow gauge: 681 km 1.000-m gauge note: in 1998, Djibouti and Ethiopia announced plans to revitalize the century-old railroad that links their capitals and since then Ethiopia has expended considerable effort to repair and maintain the lines; in 2001, Ethiopia and Sudan agreed to build a line from Ethiopia to Port Sudan (2000 est.) |
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Highways:
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total: 24,145 km
paved: 3,290 km unpaved: 20,855 km (1998) |
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Waterways:
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none |
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Ports and harbors:
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none; Ethiopia is landlocked and was by agreement with Eritrea using the ports of Assab and Massawa; since the border dispute with Eritrea flared, Ethiopia has used the port of Djibouti for nearly all of its imports |
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Merchant marine:
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total: 9 ships (1,000 GRT or over) totaling 81,933 GRT/101,287 DWT
ships by type: cargo 5, container 1, petroleum tanker 1, roll on/roll off 2 (2002 est.) |
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Airports:
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86 (2001) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 14
over 3,047 m: 3 2,438 to 3,047 m: 5 1,524 to 2,437 m: 5 914 to 1,523 m: 1 (2002) |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 69
over 3,047 m: 2 2,438 to 3,047 m: 4 1,524 to 2,437 m: 10 914 to 1,523 m: 32 under 914 m: 21 (2002) |
MILITARY
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Military branches:
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Ethiopian National Defense Force (Ground Forces, Air Force, militia, police)
note: Ethiopia is landlocked and has no navy; following the secession of Eritrea, Ethiopian naval facilities remained in Eritrean possession |
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Military manpower - military age:
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18 years of age (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - availability:
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males age 15-49: 14,925,883 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - fit for military service:
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males age 15-49: 7,790,977 (2002 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
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males: 703,625 (2002 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$800 million (FY00) |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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12.6% (FY00) |
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
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Disputes - international:
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most of the southern half of the boundary with Somalia in the Ogaden region is a provisional administrative line; in the Ogaden, regional states have established a variety of conflicting relationships with the Somali Transitional National Government in Mogadishu, feuding factions in Puntland region, and the economically stabile break-away "Somaliland" region; Ethiopia agreeed in 2002 to demarcate its entire boundary with Sudan; Eritrea and Ethiopia have expressed general approval of the April 2002 arbitration commission ruling re-delimiting the boundary, the focus of their 1998-2000 war; United Nations Mission in Ethiopia and Eritrea (UNMEE) will monitor activities within the 25-km wide temporary security zone in Eritrea until demarcation and de-mining are complete |
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Illicit drugs:
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transit hub for heroin originating in Southwest and Southeast Asia and destined for Europe and North America as well as cocaine destined for markets in southern Africa; cultivates qat (khat) for local use and regional export, principally to Djibouti and Somalia (legal in all three countries); the lack of a well-developed financial system limits the country's utility as a money-laundering center |