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NAVIGATION
Syrian Arab Republic
Al Jumhuriyah al Arabiyah as Suriyah
former: United Arab Republic (with Egypt)
COMMUNICATIONS
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Telephones - main lines in use:
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1.313 million (1997) |
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Telephones - mobile cellular:
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NA |
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Telephone system:
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general assessment: fair system currently undergoing significant improvement and digital upgrades, including fiber-optic technology
domestic: coaxial cable and microwave radio relay network international: satellite earth stations - 1 Intelsat (Indian Ocean) and 1 Intersputnik (Atlantic Ocean region); 1 submarine cable; coaxial cable and microwave radio relay to Iraq, Jordan, Lebanon, and Turkey; participant in Medarabtel |
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Radio broadcast stations:
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AM 14, FM 2, shortwave 1 (1998) |
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Radios:
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4.15 million (1997) |
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Television broadcast stations:
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44 (plus 17 repeaters) (1995) |
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Televisions:
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1.05 million (1997) |
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Internet country code:
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.sy |
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Internet Service Providers (ISPs):
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1 (2000) |
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Internet users:
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60,000 (2002) |
TRANSPORTATION
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Railways:
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total: 2,743 km
standard gauge: 2,425 km 1.435-m gauge narrow gauge: 318 km 1.050-m gauge (2002) |
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Highways:
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total: 41,451 km
paved: 9,575 km (including 877 km of expressways) unpaved: 31,876 km (1997) |
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Waterways:
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870 km (minimal economic importance) |
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Pipelines:
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crude oil 1,304 km; petroleum products 515 km |
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Ports and harbors:
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Baniyas, Jablah, Latakia, Tartus |
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Merchant marine:
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total: 129 ships (1,000 GRT or over) 450,135 GRT/645,296 DWT
note: includes some foreign-owned ships registered here as a flag of convenience: Egypt 1, Greece 2, Italy 1, Lebanon 10 (2002 est.) ships by type: bulk 13, cargo 109, container 2, livestock carrier 3, refrigerated cargo 1, roll on/roll off 1 |
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Airports:
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92 (2002) |
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Airports - with paved runways:
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total: 24
over 3,047 m: 5 2,438 to 3,047 m: 16 under 914 m: 1 (2002) 914 to 1,523 m: 2 |
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Airports - with unpaved runways:
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total: 68
1,524 to 2,437 m: 2 914 to 1,523 m: 11 under 914 m: 55 (2002) |
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Heliports:
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7 (2002) |
MILITARY
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Military branches:
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Syrian Arab Army, Syrian Arab Navy, Syrian Arab Air Force (includes Air Defense Forces), Police and Security Force |
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Military manpower - military age:
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19 years of age (2003 est.) |
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Military manpower - availability:
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males age 15-49: 4,715,386 (2003 est.) |
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Military manpower - fit for military service:
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males age 15-49: 2,629,148 (2003 est.) |
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Military manpower - reaching military age annually:
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males: 210,941 (2003 est.) |
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Military expenditures - dollar figure:
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$858 million (FY00 est.); note - based on official budget data that may understate actual spending |
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Military expenditures - percent of GDP:
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5.9% (FY00) |
TRANSNATIONAL ISSUES
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Disputes - international:
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Golan Heights is Israeli-occupied; Lebanon claims Shaba'a farms in Golan Heights; Syrian troops have been stationed in Lebanon since October 1976; Syria protests Turkish hydrological projects regulating upper Euphrates waters; Turkey is quick to rebuff any perceived Syrian claim to Hatay province |
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Illicit drugs:
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a transit point for opiates and hashish bound for regional and Western markets |