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NAVIGATION
Republic of Zambia
former: Northern Rhodesia
GOVERNMENT
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Country name:
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conventional long form: Republic of Zambia
conventional short form: Zambia former: Northern Rhodesia |
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Government type:
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republic |
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Capital:
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Lusaka |
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Administrative divisions:
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9 provinces; Central, Copperbelt, Eastern, Luapula, Lusaka, Northern, North-Western, Southern, Western |
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Independence:
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24 October 1964 (from UK) |
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National holiday:
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Independence Day, 24 October (1964) |
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Constitution:
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2 August 1991 |
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Legal system:
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based on English common law and customary law; judicial review of legislative acts in an ad hoc constitutional council; has not accepted compulsory ICJ jurisdiction |
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002); Vice President Nevers MUMBA (since May 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government
head of government: President Levy MWANAWASA (since 2 January 2002); Vice President Nevers MUMBA (since May 2003); note - the president is both the chief of state and head of government cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president from among the members of the National Assembly elections: president elected by popular vote for a five-year term; election last held 27 December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2006); vice president appointed by the president election results: Levy MWANAWASA elected president; percent of vote - Levy MWANAWASA 29%, Anderson MAZOKA 27%, Christon TEMBO 13%, Tilyenji KAUNDA 10%, Godfrey MIYANDA 8%, Benjamin MWILA 5%, Michael SATA 3%, other 5% |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral National Assembly (150 seats; members are elected by popular vote to serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 27 December 2001 (next to be held NA December 2006) election results: percent of vote by party - MMD 45.9%, UPND 32.4%, UNIP 8.8%, FDD 8.1%, HP 2.7%, PF 0.7%, ZRP 0.7%, independents 0.7%; seats by party - MMD 68, UPND 48, UNIP 13, FDD 12, HP 4, PF 1, ZRP 1, independents 1; seats not determined 2 |
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Judicial branch:
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Supreme Court (the final court of appeal; justices are appointed by the president); High Court (has unlimited jurisdiction to hear civil and criminal cases) |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Agenda for Zambia or AZ [Inonge MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA]; Forum for Democracy and Development or FDD [Christon TEMBO]; Heritage Party or HP [Godfrey MIYANDA]; Liberal Progressive Front or LPF [Roger CHONGWE, president]; Movement for Multiparty Democracy or MMD [Levy MWANAWASA, acting president]; National Leadership for Development or NLD [Yobert SHAMAPANDE]; National Party or NP [Dr. Sam CHIPUNGU]; Patriotic Front or PF [Michael SATA]; Zambian Republican Party or ZRP [Benjamin MWILA]; Social Democratic Party or SDP [Gwendoline KONIE]; United National Independence Party or UNIP [Francis NKHOMA, president]; United Party for National Development or UPND [Anderson MAZOKA] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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NA |
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International organization participation:
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ACP, AfDB, C, ECA, FAO, G-19, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICCt, ICFTU, ICRM, IDA, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ITU, MONUC, NAM, OAU, OPCW, PCA, SADC, UN, UNAMSIL, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UNMEE, UNMIK, UPU, WCL, WCO, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO |
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Diplomatic representation in the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Inonge MBIKUSITA-LEWANIKA
FAX: [1] (202) 332-0826 telephone: [1] (202) 265-9717 through 9719 chancery: 2419 Massachusetts Avenue NW, Washington, DC 20008 |
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Diplomatic representation from the US:
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chief of mission: Ambassador Martin George BRENNAN
embassy: corner of Independence and United Nations Avenues mailing address: P. O. Box 31617, Lusaka telephone: [260] (1) 250-955 FAX: [260] (1) 252-225 |
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Flag description:
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green with a panel of three vertical bands of red (hoist side), black, and orange below a soaring orange eagle, on the outer edge of the flag |
ECONOMY
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Economy - overview:
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Despite progress in privatization and budgetary reform, Zambia's economic growth remains below the 5% to 7% necessary to reduce poverty significantly. Privatization of government-owned copper mines relieved the government from covering mammoth losses generated by the industry and greatly improved the chances for copper mining to return to profitability and spur economic growth. However, low mineral prices have slowed the benefits of privatizing the mines and have reduced incentives for further private investment in the sector. Cooperation continues with international bodies on programs to reduce poverty. |
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity - $8.9 billion (2002 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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4.2% (2002 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity - $890 (2002 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 22%
industry: 26% services: 52% (2001) |
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Population below poverty line:
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86% (1993) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: 1.1%
highest 10%: 41% (1998) |
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Distribution of family income - Gini index:
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52.6 (1998) |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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21% (2002 est.) |
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Labor force:
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4.29 million (2000) |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 85%, industry 6%, services 9% |
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Unemployment rate:
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50% (2000 est.) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $1.2 billion
expenditures: $1.25 billion, including capital expenditures of $NA (2001 est.) |
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Industries:
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copper mining and processing, construction, foodstuffs, beverages, chemicals, textiles, fertilizer, horticulture |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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5.1% (2001 est.) |
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Electricity - production:
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7.751 billion kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 0.5%
hydro: 99.5% other: 0% (2001) nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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5.458 billion kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - exports:
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1.75 billion kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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11,000 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - exports:
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NA (2001) |
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Oil - imports:
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NA (2001) |
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Agriculture - products:
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corn, sorghum, rice, peanuts, sunflower seed, vegetables, flowers, tobacco, cotton, sugarcane, cassava (tapioca); cattle, goats, pigs, poultry, milk, eggs, hides; coffee |
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Exports:
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$709 million f.o.b. (2001) |
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Exports - commodities:
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copper 55%, cobalt, electricity, tobacco, flowers, cotton |
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Exports - partners:
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South Africa 25.5%, Switzerland 9.2%, Malawi 7.8%, Thailand 7.7% (2001) |
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Imports:
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$1.123 billion f.o.b. (2001) |
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Imports - commodities:
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machinery, transportation equipment, petroleum products, electricity, fertilizer; foodstuffs, clothing |
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Imports - partners:
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South Africa 65.1%, Zimbabwe 6.5%, UK 3.2%, Tanzania 2.9%, US (2001) |
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Debt - external:
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$5.8 billion (2001) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$651 million (2000 est.) |
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Currency:
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Zambian kwacha (ZMK) |
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Currency code:
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ZMK |
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Exchange rates:
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Zambian kwacha per US dollar - NA (2002), 3,610.93 (2001), 3,110.84 (2000), 2,388.02 (1999), 1,862.07 (1998) |
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Fiscal year:
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calendar year |