NAVIGATION
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NAVIGATION
Republic of Djibouti
former: French Territory of the Afars and Issas
former: French Somaliland
INTRODUCTION
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Background:
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The French Territory of the Afars and the Issas became Djibouti in 1977. A peace accord in 1994 ended a three-year uprising by Afars rebels. |
GEOGRAPHY
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Location:
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Eastern Africa, bordering the Gulf of Aden and the Red Sea, between Eritrea and Somalia |
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Geographic coordinates:
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11 30 N, 43 00 E |
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Map references:
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Africa |
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Area:
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total: 23,000 sq km
water: 20 sq km land: 22,980 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly smaller than Massachusetts |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 516 km
border countries: Eritrea 109 km, Ethiopia 349 km, Somalia 58 km |
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Coastline:
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314 km |
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Maritime claims:
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contiguous zone: 24 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM territorial sea: 12 NM |
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Climate:
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desert; torrid, dry |
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Terrain:
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coastal plain and plateau separated by central mountains |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Lac Assal -155 m
highest point: Moussa Ali 2,028 m |
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Natural resources:
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geothermal areas |
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Land use:
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arable land: 0%
permanent crops: 0% other: 100% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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10 sq km (1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards:
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earthquakes; droughts; occasional cyclonic disturbances from the Indian Ocean bring heavy rains and flash floods |
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Environment - current issues:
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inadequate supplies of potable water; desertification; endangered species |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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Geography - note:
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strategic location near world's busiest shipping lanes and close to Arabian oilfields; terminus of rail traffic into Ethiopia; mostly wasteland; Lac Assal (Lake Assal) is the lowest point in Africa |
PEOPLE
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Population:
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472,810 (July 2002 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 42.6% (male 100,903; female 100,420)
15-64 years: 54.5% (male 135,409; female 122,209) 65 years and over: 2.9% (male 7,220; female 6,649) (2002 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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2.59% (2002 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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40.33 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Death rate:
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14.43 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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0 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.03 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 1.09 male(s)/female total population: 1.06 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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99.7 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 51.6 years
female: 53.52 years (2002 est.) male: 49.73 years |
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Total fertility rate:
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5.64 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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11.75% (1999 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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37,000 (1999 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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4,400 (2002 est.) |
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Nationality:
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noun: Djiboutian(s)
adjective: Djiboutian |
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Ethnic groups:
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Somali 60%, Afar 35%, French, Arab, Ethiopian, and Italian 5% |
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Religions:
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Muslim 94%, Christian 6% |
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Languages:
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French (official), Arabic (official), Somali, Afar |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15 and over can read and write
total population: 46.2% male: 60.3% female: 32.7% (1995 est.) |