NAVIGATION
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NAVIGATION
The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia
Republika Makedonija
abbreviation: F.Y.R.O.M.
INTRODUCTION
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Background:
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International recognition of The Former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia's (F.Y.R.O.M.) independence from Yugoslavia in 1991 was delayed by Greece's objection to the new state's use of what it considered a Hellenic name and symbols. Greece finally lifted its trade blockade in 1995, and the two countries agreed to normalize relations, despite continued disagreement over F.Y.R.O.M.'s use of "Macedonia." F.Y.R.O.M.'s large Albanian minority, an ethnic Albanian armed insurgency in F.Y.R.O.M. in 2001, and the status of neighboring Kosovo continue to be sources of ethnic tension. |
GEOGRAPHY
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Location:
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Southeastern Europe, north of Greece |
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Geographic coordinates:
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41 50 N, 22 00 E |
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Map references:
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Europe |
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Area:
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total: 25,333 sq km
water: 477 sq km land: 24,856 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly larger than Vermont |
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Land boundaries:
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total: 766 km
border countries: Albania 151 km, Bulgaria 148 km, Greece 246 km, Serbia and Montenegro 221 km |
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Coastline:
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0 km (landlocked) |
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Maritime claims:
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none (landlocked) |
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Climate:
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warm, dry summers and autumns and relatively cold winters with heavy snowfall |
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Terrain:
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mountainous territory covered with deep basins and valleys; three large lakes, each divided by a frontier line; country bisected by the Vardar River |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point: Vardar River 50 m
highest point: Golem Korab (Maja e Korabit) 2,753 m |
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Natural resources:
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chromium, lead, zinc, manganese, tungsten, nickel, low-grade iron ore, asbestos, sulfur, timber, arable land |
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Land use:
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arable land: 23.59%
permanent crops: 1.85% other: 74.56% (1998 est.) |
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Irrigated land:
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550 sq km (1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards:
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high seismic risks |
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Environment - current issues:
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air pollution from metallurgical plants |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to: Air Pollution, Biodiversity, Climate Change, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone Layer Protection, Wetlands
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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Geography - note:
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landlocked; major transportation corridor from Western and Central Europe to Aegean Sea and Southern Europe to Western Europe |
PEOPLE
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Population:
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2,054,800
note: a Framework Agreement ratified by Macedonia on 16 November 2001 calls for a new census in 2002 (July 2002 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 22.4% (male 239,638; female 221,446)
15-64 years: 67.2% (male 694,368; female 686,450) 65 years and over: 10.4% (male 94,214; female 118,684) (2002 est.) |
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Population growth rate:
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0.41% (2002 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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13.35 births/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Death rate:
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7.74 deaths/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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-1.49 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2002 est.) |
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Sex ratio:
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at birth: 1.08 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.08 male(s)/female 15-64 years: 1.01 male(s)/female 65 years and over: 0.79 male(s)/female total population: 1 male(s)/female (2002 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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12.54 deaths/1,000 live births (2002 est.) |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population: 74.26 years
female: 76.68 years (2002 est.) male: 72.01 years |
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Total fertility rate:
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1.77 children born/woman (2002 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
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less than 0.01% (1999 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
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less than 100 (1999 est.) |
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HIV/AIDS - deaths:
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less than 100 (1999 est.) |
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Nationality:
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noun: Macedonian(s)
adjective: Macedonian |
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Ethnic groups:
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Macedonian 66.6%, Albanian 22.7%, Turkish 4%, Roma 2.2%, Serb 2.1%, other 2.4% (1994) |
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Religions:
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Macedonian Orthodox 67%, Muslim 30%, other 3% |
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Languages:
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Macedonian 70%, Albanian 21%, Turkish 3%, Serbo-Croatian 3%, other 3% |
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Literacy:
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definition: NA
total population: NA% male: NA% female: NA% |