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Turks and Caicos Islands


 
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© 1996-2006
Bob Starkgraf

INTRODUCTION

Background:
The islands were part of the UK's Jamaican colony until 1962, when they assumed the status of a separate crown colony upon Jamaica's independence. The governor of The Bahamas oversaw affairs from 1965 to 1973. With Bahamian independence, the islands received a separate governor in 1973. Although independence was agreed upon for 1982, the policy was reversed and the islands are presently a British overseas territory.
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GEOGRAPHY

Location:
Caribbean, two island groups in the North Atlantic Ocean, southeast of The Bahamas, north of Haiti
Geographic coordinates:
21 45 N, 71 35 W
Map references:
Central America and the Caribbean
Area:
total: 430 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 430 sq km
Area - comparative:
2.5 times the size of Washington, DC
Land boundaries:
0 km
Coastline:
389 km
Maritime claims:
exclusive fishing zone: 200 NM
territorial sea: 12 NM
Climate:
tropical; marine; moderated by trade winds; sunny and relatively dry
Terrain:
low, flat limestone; extensive marshes and mangrove swamps
Elevation extremes:
lowest point: Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Blue Hills 49 m
Natural resources:
spiny lobster, conch
Land use:
arable land: 2.33%
permanent crops: 0%
other: 97.67% (1998 est.)
Irrigated land:
NA sq km
Natural hazards:
frequent hurricanes
Environment - current issues:
limited natural fresh water resources, private cisterns collect rainwater
Geography - note:
about 40 islands (eight inhabited)
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PEOPLE

Population:
19,350 (July 2003 est.)
Age structure:
0-14 years: 32.5% (male 3,202; female 3,094)
15-64 years: 63.7% (male 6,484; female 5,848)
65 years and over: 3.7% (male 321; female 401) (2003 est.)
Median age:
total: 27 years
male: 27.7 years
female: 26.3 years (2002)
Population growth rate:
3.14% (2003 est.)
Birth rate:
23.51 births/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Death rate:
4.34 deaths/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Net migration rate:
12.25 migrant(s)/1,000 population (2003 est.)
Sex ratio:
at birth: 1.05 male(s)/female
under 15 years: 1.03 male(s)/female
15-64 years: 1.11 male(s)/female
65 years and over: 0.8 male(s)/female
total population: 1.07 male(s)/female (2003 est.)
Infant mortality rate:
total: 16.87 deaths/1,000 live births
female: 14.12 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
male: 19.48 deaths/1,000 live births
Life expectancy at birth:
total population: 74 years
male: 71.82 years
female: 76.3 years (2003 est.)
Total fertility rate:
3.15 children born/woman (2003 est.)
HIV/AIDS - adult prevalence rate:
NA%
HIV/AIDS - people living with HIV/AIDS:
NA
HIV/AIDS - deaths:
NA
Nationality:
noun: none
adjective: none
Ethnic groups:
black 90%, mixed, European, or north American 10%
Religions:
Baptist 40%, Methodist 16%, Anglican 18%, Church of God 12%, other 14% (1990)
Languages:
English (official)
Literacy:
definition: age 15 and over has ever attended school
female: 98% (1970 est.)
male: 99%
total population: 98%
People - note:
destination and transit point for illegal Haitian immigrants bound for the Turks and Caicos Islands, Bahamas, and US
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